IOC框架实践之Ninject

1.   入门

1.1.  面向接口

public interface IWeapon
{
    void Attack(string target);
}
public class Sword : IWeapon
{
    public void Attack(string target)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Attack " + target + " by sword");
    }
}
public class Knife : IWeapon
{
    public void Attack(string target)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Attack " + target + " by knife");
    }
}

1.2.  类型绑定

public class WeaponModule : NinjectModule
{
    public override void Load()
    {
        this.Bind().To();
    }
}

1.3.  简单应用

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    IKernel kernel = new StandardKernel(new WeaponModule());
    IWeapon weapon = kernel.Get();
    weapon.Attack("小明");
    Console.ReadKey();
}

2.   进阶

2.1.  对象作用域

作用域	绑定方法	说明
Transient	.InTransientScope()	每次调用创建新实例。
Singleton	.InSingletonScope()	单例，仅创建一个实例。
Thread	.InThreadScope()	每一个线程创建一个实例。
Request	.InRequestScope()	每当Web请求发起时创建一个实例，结束请求时释放实例。

 

2.2.  复杂绑定处理

this.Bind().To().Named("Sword");
this.Bind().To().Named("Knife");
IWeapon weapon1 = kernel.Get("Sword");
IWeapon weapon2 = kernel.Get("Knife");

其他方法：https://github.com/ninject/ninject/wiki/Contextual-Binding

2.3.  对象创建过程

详见：https://github.com/ninject/ninject/wiki/The-Activation-Process

3.   扩展

3.1.  动态载入模块

IKernel kernel = new StandardKernel();
kernel.Load(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies());

注：需要引入CommonServiceLocator.NinjectAdapter.dll

3.2.  扩展Asp.Net MVC

// 重写ControllerFactory
public class NinjectControllerFactory : DefaultControllerFactory
{
    private IKernel _kernel = new StandardKernel(new PersonModule());
    protected override IController GetControllerInstance(System.Web.Routing.RequestContext requestContext, Type controllerType)
    {
        if (controllerType == null) return null;
        return (IController)_kernel.Get(controllerType);
    }
}

// 重新设置ControllerFactory
protected void Application_Start()
{
    AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
    RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
    RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
    // 设置ControllerFactory为NinjectControllerFactory
    ControllerBuilder.Current.SetControllerFactory(new NinjectControllerFactory());
}

示例下载： NinjectDemo.zip